Hebrew latinization guide: Difference between revisions
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== Summary ==
Non-alphabet spellings listed in ''italics.'' Marks are listed after letter spellings and use Bet by default or any consonant that can take the mark.
Stress is marked on with an acute accent (´) on the vowel. This isn't used on second-to-last syllables, syllables ending in vowels, words with one syllable, or with inflection suffixes.
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+Unmarked spellings
! rowspan="2" |Hebrew spelling <small>(name)</small>
! colspan="2" |Latinization
Line 10 ⟶ 13:
!other
|-
!<big>א</big> <small>(Alef)</small>
|''none''
|'
|/ʔ/~''none''
|gives vowel before grave accent (`)
|-
!<big>בּ</big> <small>(Bet)</small>
|b
|bb
|/b/
|
|-
!<big>ב</big> <small>(Bet)</small>
|v
|b, bh, w
|/v/
|
|-
!<big>גּ</big> <small>(Gimel)</small>
|g
|gh, gg
|/g/
|
|-
!<big>ג</big> <small>(Gimel)</small>
|g
|gh
|/g/
|
|-
!
|j
|ǧ
|/d͡ʒ/
|mostly in loans
|-
!<big>ד</big> <small>(Dalet)</small>
|d
|dh, dd
|/d/
|
|-
!<big>ה</big> <small>(He)</small>
|h, ''none'' (word-final)
|
|/h/~''none'', ''none''
|when word-final, used for
|-
!<big>ו</big> <small>(Waw)</small>
|w
|v
|/v/
|transcribes foreign /w/
|-
!
|yw
|v, w, yv
|/v/
|
|-
!
|u
|oo, ou
|u
|
|-
!
|z
|
|z
|
|-
!
|ž/zh
|
|ʒ
|mostly in loans
|-
!
|ḥ/hh
|ch, kh, h, ḥ
|ħ~χ
|
|-
!
|ṭ/t
|
|t
|
|-
!
|y
|
|j
|
|-
!
|k, kh
|
|/k/, /χ/
|
|-
!
|l
|
|/l/
|
|-
!
|m
|
|/m/
|
|-
!
|n
|
|/n/
|
|-
!
|s
|
|/s/
|
|-
!
|x
|', 3, gh, j
|/ʕ/~/ʔ/
|
|-
!
|p
|
|/p/
|
|-
!
|f
|
|/f/
|
|-
!
|ç/tz
|c, s, ṣ, ts, z/ ẓ
|/t͡s/
|
|-
!
|c
|č, ch, tš
|/t͡ʃ/
|mostly in loans
|-
!<big>ק</big> <small>(Kuf)</small>
|ḳ/k
|q
|/k/
|used for /k/ in loanwords
|-
!<big>ר</big> <small>(Resh)</small>
|r
|
|/ʁ/, /r/
|/r/ is possible but substandard
|-
!
|š/sh
|
|/ʃ/
|Hebrew letter sometimes has a top-right dot
|-
!
|ś/s
|ç
|/s/
|
|-
!
|t
|tt
|/t/
|used for /θ/ in loanwords
|-
!<big>ת</big> <small>(Taw)</small>
|t
|th
|/t/
|
|}
The following letters/ marks are not guaranteed to appear in text but are often used in precise writing. None of them can be written alone. The alef (א) written here is used for example with marks that don't require any specific letter.
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+Marked spellings
! rowspan="2" |Hebrew spelling <small>(name)</small>
! colspan="2" |Latinization
! rowspan="2" |Sound (IPA)
! rowspan="2" |Notes
|-
!wiki
!other
|-
!
|''none''
|''none''
|''none''
|
|-
!
|e
|ė, ë, ə
|/e/
|
|-
!
|a
|
|/a/
|
|-
!
|a
|ǎ
|/a/
|
|-
!
|a
|â
|/a/
|
|-
!
|o
|ǒ
|/o/
|sometimes substandardly use /a/
|-
!<big>אֳ</big> <small>(Hhatáf Kamatz)</small>
|o
|a
|/o/
|sometimes substandardly use /a/
|-
!<big>אֶ</big> <small>(Segól)</small>
|e
|
|/e/
|
|-
!
|e
|ě
|/e/
|
|-
!
|e
|ē, ê
|/e/
|
|-
!
|i
|ǐ
|/i/
|
|-
!
|o
|ō, ô
|/o/
|
|-
!
|u
|i, y
|/u/
|
|-
!
|''(´) on following vowel''
|''(doubles consonant)''
|''none''
|marks stress in the following syllable
also changes sound of the letters <
|-
!<big>בּ</big> <small>(Bet Dagesh)</small>
|b
| -bb-
|/b/
|
|-
!
|g
| -gg-
|/g/
|
|-
!
|d
| -dd-
|/d/
|
|-
!
|h
| -hh, ''none''
|/h/~''none''
|
|-
!
|u
|oo, ou
|/u/
|
|-
!
|k
| -cc-, -ck-, -kk-
|/k/
|
|-
!
|p
| -pp-
|/p/
|
|-
!
|t
| -tt-
|/t/
|
|-
!
|š/sh
|
|/ʃ/
|
|-
!
|ś/s
|ç
|/s/
|
|}
| |||
